30 JULY WORLD EVENTS PAST AND PRESENT

On July 30th, various significant events happened throughout history. First, Let's examine the important events from the past, followed by a brief overview of the top most important news headlines. Specifically, we will focus on the major historical occurrences on July 30th during the Modern History era.

1. WORLD DAY AGAINST TRAFFICKING IN PERSON:

The World Day Against Trafficking in Persons is observed annually on July 30 to raise awareness about human trafficking and to promote and protect the rights of trafficking victims, by UN resolution and was first observed in 2014. This year's Theme 2023: "Reach every victim of trafficking, leave no one behind"

2. INTERNATIONAL FRIENDSHIP DAY: 

World friendship day is as known as International friendship day celebrated on 30 July annually since 2011 by United Nations aims to foster peace and harmony among different communities.

3. THE NEW ORLEANS MASSACRE:

The New Orleans Race Riot occurred on July 30, 1866. New Orleans, Louisiana. White supremacists who were opposing the Black Codes attacked Black Americans outside the Mechanics Institute, where the reconvened Louisiana Constitutional Convention was meeting.

4. FLOWERS & TRESS FIRST TECHNICOLOR CARTOON :

Disney's Flowers and Trees was the first cartoon to use Technicolor on 30 July 1932. It was a short film in the Silly Symphonies series and won Academy Award for Best Short Subject Cartoon.

5. ADOPTION OF THE NEW MOTTO OF USA :

The official motto of the United States is "In God We Trust". It was adopted by the U.S. Congress on 30 July 1956, replacing E pluribus unum ("Out of many, one"), which had been the de facto motto since the initial design of the Great Seal of the United States.

6. US FEDERAL GOVT ROLE IN HEALTHCARE:

On July 30, 1965, President Johnson signed Medicare into law at the Truman Library in Independence, Missouri which was a dream of President Harry Truman, who had suggested National Health Insurance for seniors in 1945, but ultimately realized after 20 years.

7. INDEPENDENCE OF VANUATU:

After 74 years of combined sovereignty by France and the United Kingdom, Vanuatu attained independence on July 30, 1980. The country was once known as the New Hebrides, and it was a condominium, which meant that France and the United Kingdom shared authority over the islands.

8. HENERY FORD BIRTH ANNIVERSARY:

Henry Ford was an American industrialist and the founder of the Ford Motor Company. He was born on July 30, 1863, in Greenfield Township, Michigan, United States. He is the most influential figures in the automotive industry.

9. PRETORIA ACCORD:

Pretoria Accord was signed on this day in 2002 between the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and Rwanda as an attempt to end the Second Congo War

10. JERUSALEM LAW:

On this day in1980 the Israeli Knesset passes the Jerusalem Law and adds it to Israel's Basic Law. The law declared Jerusalem the unified capital of Israel.

11. LOS ANGELS SUMMER OLYMPICS:

The tenth Summer Olympics was officially opened on this day in 1932. This was the second time that the city of Los Angeles was hosting the multi-event international sports meet.

12. TOP  MOST IMPORTANT HEADLINES OF 30 JULY 2023:

• China issues first 'red alert' since 2011 as Typhoon Doksuri brings torrential rainfall in Beijing. 
• China's military conducts live-fire exercises near Taiwan. 
• WHO Monkeypox cases confirmed in 12 countries outside Africa. 

21 July What Happened On This Day In History

 21 July What Happened On This Day In History

1977 - Neelam Sanjiva Reddi was elected as President of India

On this day 21 July 1977, Neelam Sanjiva Reddy was elected as the youngest, unopposed, president of India and was sworn in as the sixth President of India on 25 July 1977.

2007 - The last book of Harry Potter Published

The book “Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows” was released 21 July  2007. Harry Potter is a series of fantasy novels written by J K Rowling. The young-adult fiction series is about magic and the wizarding world.

1861-The First Battle of Bull Run (called First Manassas by the South) was fought during the American Civil War.

1954-The Geneva Accords were signed on the morning of 21 July 1954. The Geneva Accords effectively divided Vietnam at the 17th parallel.

1960-Politician Sirimavo Bandaranaike became the world's first woman prime minister when she took office in Ceylon (later Sri Lanka).

1967-Albert John Luthuli, president of the African National Congress (1952–60) and the first African to be awarded a Nobel Prize for Peace (1960), died after being struck by a train.

1961-Virgil I. (“Gus”) Grissom became the second American to enter space during Project Mercury.

2011-Atlantis
The U.S. space shuttle program ended, after 135 missions, as the orbiter Atlantis landed at NASA's John F. Kennedy Space Center at Cape Canaveral, Florida.

1983-Lowest temperature ever measured on Earth
Vostok Station, a Russian station on Antarctica experienced the lowest temperatures ever measured in recorded human history. The temperatures fell to −128.6 °F (−89.2 °C)

27 JULY PAST AND PRESENT WORLD EVENTS

On July 27th, various significant events happened throughout history. Let's first examine the important events from the past, followed by a brief overview of current noteworthy events. Specifically, we will focus on the major historical occurrences on July 27th during the Modern History era.

5. KOREAN WAR VETERANS ARMISTICE DAY:

We observe 27 July annually as Korean War Veterans Armistice Day to remember the service and sacrifice of the millions of people who served in the Korean War. This war was a major conflict in the Cold War between North Korea and South Korea, with the United States and its allies supporting South Korea and China and the Soviet Union supporting North Korea. The war began on June 25, 1950, and ended on July 27, 1953, with an armistice and is often called "The Forgotten War."  Today, July 27, 2023, marks the 70th anniversary of the signing of the Korean Armistice Agreement at Panmunjom which result in the creation of a demilitarized zone (DMZ) between the two nations in the Korean Peninsula.

6. BAGPIPE APPRECIATION DAY: 

July 27th is celebrated as Bagpipe Appreciation Day every year. This day is dedicated to honoring the bagpipe, an ancient musical instrument that has been an integral part of Scottish culture for centuries. While bagpipes are commonly associated with traditional Scottish music, they can also be played in various other genres.

7. NATIONAL NEW JERSEY DAY:

National New Jersey Day takes place on July 27 every year. This day celebrates New Jersey being the third state to join the union. The holiday was started by Marlo Anderson (the founder of The National Day Calendar) in 2009 on the recommendation of the government of the state of New Jersey in America.

8. CRPF FOUNDATION DAY:

CRPF Foundation Day is celebrated annually on July 27 to commemorate the formation of the Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) in 1939. It is one of the oldest and largest Central Armed Police Forces (CAPFs) in India responsible for maintaining law and order, conducting anti-terrorist operations, and providing security to VIPs and sensitive installations. It was originally constituted as the Crown Representative's Police in 1939, following the political unrest and agitations in the then princely states of India. The force was renamed as the CRPF by an Act of Parliament in 1949. On this day we pay tribute to the brave men and women of the CRPF who have served and continue to serve India.

9. BUG BUNNY:

Bugs Bunny is an animated cartoon rabbit character created in the late 1930s at Warner Bros. Cartoons, who was originally named Happy Rabbit but renamed Bugs Bunny after his original writer, Ben "Bugs" Hardaway. He first appeared in the short film Porky's Hare Hunt (1938), but his definitive characterization debuted in the short film A Wild Hare (1940) on 27 July 1940.

10. INSULIN ISOLATION BY CANADIAN SCIENTISTS:

On July 27, 1921, Canadian doctors Frederick Banting (Surgeon) and Charles Best (Medical Student) working at the University of Toronto under the supervision of J.J.R. Macleod successfully isolated the hormone insulin for the first time. A major breakthrough in the treatment of diabetes, which was previously a fatal disease. Frederick Banting was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1923 for his discovery of insulin.

11. TEST FLIGHT OF FIRST COMMERCIAL JET 

On this day in 1949, the de Havilland Comet, a special new airplane, took its very first test flight. It had powerful jet engines that made it much faster than other planes which made it quicker and more comfortable flights for travelers. This was a historic event in the aviation industry.    

12. AUSTRIAN STATE TREATY:

The Austrian State Treaty was a treaty signed on May 15, 1955, that ended the Allied occupation of Austria and re-established Austria as an independent and sovereign state. The treaty was signed in the cold war era by Austria and the Allied Powers  (France, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States) at Vienna. The treaty came into force on this day 27 July 1955. This Treaty also put restrictions on Austria's military capabilities and prohibited the use of Austria's territory for military purposes.

13. UGANDA COUP:

On July 27, 1985, a military coup led by General Tito Okello and Brigadier Bazilio Olara-Okello overthrew the government of Ugandan President Milton Obote. The coup was plotted due to government authoritarian rule, economic decline, and the growing power of the rebel National Resistance Army (NRA) under Yoweri Museveni. Obote was forced to flee the country.

14.  ATLANTA OLYMPICS ATTACK:

A tragic terrorist attack occurred during the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta. On July 27, 1996, a bomb exploded at Centennial Olympic Park. This devastating incident took the lives of two people and injured over a hundred others.

15. CHICAGO RACE RIOT:

The Chicago Race Riot of 1919 was a violent clash between Black and White people in Chicago. It happened on 27 July 1919 and lasted for a few days. The trouble began at a segregated beach when a Black teenager went into a white-only area was stoned and drowned in Lake Michigan, leading to fights and violence. Many people were hurt, and there was a lot of damage to Black neighborhoods. This event showed how important it is to fight for fairness and equality for everyone.

16. HEAT WAVES CAUSES FOREST FIRE: 27 JULY 2023

Firefighters have scrambled to extinguish blazes in at least 10 countries as a heat wave has swept the Mediterranean region.

In Algeria, wildfires east of the capital, Algiers, this week killed dozens of people and prompted the evacuation of more than 1,500 households; the fires also spread to neighboring Tunisia.

In Croatia, firefighters were still supervising a blaze on Friday that had broken out near the city of Dubrovnik and burned about 1,000 acres, the fire brigade said.

In France, blazes burned on the island of Corsica and led to road closures near the southern city of Nice.

In Greece, hundreds of firefighters have pushed to contain blazes on the mainland and on the islands of Corfu, Evia, and Rhodes. At least four people have died, including two pilots whose plane crashed in a firefighting operation in Evia, and two others after new blazes broke out in western Greece. The new blazes spread to a military barracks on Thursday, causing explosions at an ammunition warehouse, the government said. Scattered fires on the island of Rhodes, which have spurred the evacuation of nearly 20,000 people — the largest in recent Greek history, officials say — were still burning on Thursday.

In Italy, which bore the brunt of the recent heat wave, firefighters in the south of the country said they had responded to more than 1,300 incidents since Sunday, and officials in Sicily said that three people on the island had died in “devastating” blazes this week.

In Portugal, firefighters said they had contained a blaze on Wednesday at a national park in Cascais, a coastal municipality close to Lisbon.

In Spain, firefighters contained a wildfire overnight on Wednesday on the island of Gran Canaria, where about 1,000 acres burned and the region’s civil guard evacuated some residents. A wildfire last week on La Palma, another of the Canary Islands, had burned at least 11,000 acres.

In Syria, fires have raged in the country’s west in a rural part of the Latakia area.

In Turkey, dozens of aircraft and hundreds of firefighters have been responding to blazes in the Antalya region along the Mediterranean coast.

26 JULY PAST AND CURRENT WORLD EVENTS

What happened on 26 July in the annals of History. Many notable world events occurred on this date concerning the present and past. We first take a look at our past chronological important events and at the end, we will describe the current world eye-catching events in brief. First and foremost just look back at the period of Modern History and the major significant world historical events that took place on the 26th of July.

1. POSTAL SERVICES IN THE USA:

The United States Postal Service holds a significant place in American history, having been established on July 26, 1775, by the Second Continental Congress. Benjamin Franklin, a distinguished figure, was appointed as the first postmaster general. Originally created to facilitate communication among the Continental Army, the postal service quickly evolved into a crucial component of the nation's infrastructure.1847 that the first adhesive postage stamp, known as the "Franklin," was issued, featuring a portrait of Benjamin Franklin.

2. BIRTH OF NEWYORK STATE:

On this day 26 July 1788, the Convention of the State of New York, meeting in Poughkeepsie, voted to ratify the Constitution of the United States. With its ratification of the Constitution, New York entered the new union as the eleventh of the original thirteen colonies to join together as the USA.

3. FOUNDATION DAY OF FBI:

On this day July 26, 1908, the FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation) was founded by Attorney General Charles J. Bonaparte, with headquarters in Washington DC. Its original mission was to investigate violations of federal law, such as bank robbery, interstate commerce fraud, and kidnapping. Now, its expanded mission includes counterintelligence, counterterrorism, and cybercrime. It is also responsible for protecting the President of the United States and other high-ranking government officials.

4. FOUNDATION DAY OF LIBERIA:

Liberia Foundation Day is a special day commemorating the establishment of the Republic of Liberia, which occurred on July 26, 1847. It holds great historical importance as Liberia was the first Independent African Republic. This remarkable achievement was made possible by the efforts of freed African-Americans who were resettled in the country by the American Colonization Society. The President of Liberia addresses the countryman at the National Cultural Center in Monrovia, the capital city, named after James Monroe, the fifth president of the USA.

5. SUEZ CANAL NATIONALIZATION:

The nationalization of the Suez Canal was a major international crisis that took place on this day 26 July 1956. Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser nationalized the Suez Canal Company, which was owned by British and French shareholders, since its opening in 1869. This led to a military intervention by Israel, France, and the United Kingdom. The joint invasion was successful but it had two major diplomatic aftermaths. Firstly, the Suez Canal was kept under International Control and the withdrawal of the invading forces. Secondly, the decline of the powers of Britain and France in the Middle East. Thirdly, it consolidated Nasser's position in Egypt. Lastly, it led to the creation of the United Nations Emergency Forces to keep peace.

6. SYNCOM 2:

Syncom 2 was the first geosynchronous communications satellite built by the Hughes Aircraft Company and was launched by NASA from Cape Canaveral on July 26, 1963. It was placed in a geosynchronous orbit over the Atlantic Ocean. This allowed it to remain stationary over a point on the Earth, which made it ideal for relaying communications signals. It led the way for the development of global communications networks. It was also used to transmit the first live television images from the United States to Europe. It was operated for over four years until it was decommissioned in 1967.

7. INDEPENDENCE DAY OF MALDAVIES:

On this day 26 July 1965, Maldives gained independence from Britain. The Maldives was a British protectorate from 1887 to 1965 when it gained independence after a long period of 77 years.

8. NATIONAL INDEPENDENCE DISABILITY DAY:

National Independence Disability Day is celebrated annually on July 26 in the US to commemorate the signing of the Americans Disabilities Act (ADA) by President H.W. George Bush, into law on the same day in 1990. The ADA is a civil rights law that prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in various aspects of public life and enabled the disabled to fully participate in society and created equal opportunities for them.

9. KARGIL VIJAY DIWAS:

Kargil Vijay Diwas is celebrated annually on July 26. It commemorates India's victory in the Kargil War of 1999 which lasted from May 6 to July 26, and India defeated Pakistan. The Pakistani forces had infiltrated Indian territory in the Kargil region of the Himalayas. This day also commemorates the sacrifice of India's brave soldiers and pays tribute to them.

10. INS ARIHANT:

India's first nuclear submarine, INS Arihant, marks a significant milestone in the country's defense capabilities. Commissioned on this day 26 July 2016, as the first indigenous nuclear-powered submarine, INS Arihant has bolstered India's strategic deterrence capabilities. Equipped with ballistic missiles, it serves as a potent force multiplier for the Indian Navy. Its development and deployment demonstrate India's commitment to self-reliance in defense production.

11.US REJOINS UNESCO:

The United States has rejoined the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). The US withdrew from UNESCO in 2018, citing concerns about the organization's management and financial practices.

12. TOUR DE FRANCE 2023:

Jonas Vingegaard of Team Jumbo-Visma emerged victorious in the Tour de France 2023, crossing the finish line as the overall champion after completing the 21 stages of the bicycle race faster than all his competitors. This achievement cements his position as one of the top riders in the race and adds to his remarkable journey as a competitive cyclist as he retained the Tour de France title having also won the race in 2022.

13. AGE OF CONSCRIPTION REVISED BY RUSSIA

Russia has raised the age of conscription for the compulsory one-year military service from 27 to 30 years as it sought to replenish forces on the frontline in Ukraine. The lower house of the Russian parliament voted for the same and the law also bars conscripts from leaving the country once the enlistment office has sent the draft notice.

28 JULY PAST AND CURRENT WORLD EVENTS

On July 28th, various significant events happened throughout history. Let's first examine the important events from the past, followed by a brief overview of current noteworthy events. Specifically, we will focus on the major historical occurrences on July 28th during the Modern History era.

1. WORLD HEPATATIS DAY:

Every year on July 28, the world observes World Hepatitis Day (WHD) with the common objective of raising awareness about the worldwide impact of viral hepatitis and advocating for significant change. The theme for 2023 is "We're not waiting." The date of 28 July was chosen because it is the birthday of Nobel-prize-winning scientist Dr. Baruch Blumberg, who discovered the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and developed a diagnostic test and vaccine for the virus. Low coverage of testing and treatment is the most important gap to be addressed in order to achieve the global elimination goals by 2030.

2. WORLD NATURE CONSERVATION DAY:

World Nature Conservation Day is observed on July 28 to create awareness about the importance of preserving and protecting the environment and its natural resources. It’s an important occasion to educate people about the challenges of climate change and the necessity of conservation of natural resources.

3. BUFFALO SOLDIERS DAY:

Buffalo Soldiers Day on July 28th commemorates the formation of the first regular Army regiments comprising African American soldiers in 1866. 

4. INDEPENDENCE OF PERU:

Peru was a Spanish colony for over 300 years. The first major uprising against Spanish rule occurred in 1780, led by José Gabriel Condorcanqui, who was known as Tupac Amaru II. The independence movement gained momentum in the early 1800s, and in 1821, José de San Martín declared Peru's independence. The Spanish forces were finally defeated in 1824, at the Battle of Ayacucho. Peru officially became an independent nation on July 28, 1821.

5. PHOTOGRAPHY OF THR FIRST TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSE:

The first photograph of a total solar eclipse was taken by Johann Julius Friedrich Berkowski on July 28, 1851, in Königsberg, Prussia (now Kaliningrad, Russia).

6. OUTSET OF FIRST WORLD WAR:

The outbreak of the First World War (also known as World War I) occurred on July 28, 1914, in response to the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary and his wife, Sophie, in Sarajevo, Bosnia. The assassination was carried out by a Bosnian Serb nationalist named Gavrilo Princip and set off a chain reaction of alliances and conflicts among the major powers of Europe.

7. FOURTEEN AMENDMENTS OF THE USA CONSTITUTION:

The Fourteenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution was officially ratified on July 9, 1868. Nearly three weeks later, on July 28, 1868, Secretary of State William Seward issued a proclamation affirming that the Fourteenth Amendment was a fully integrated part of the Constitution, with no reservations.

8. BONUS ARMY MARCH

During the Great Depression, thousands of World War I veterans, known as the Bonus Army, marched to Washington, D.C., demanding early payment of their military bonuses, which were due to be paid in 1945, which were evicted by the U.S. Army from their campsite, causing injuries and public outcry and a poignant event reflecting veterans' struggles of Bonus Marchers.

9. TERMINATION OF ARMED CAMPAIGN BY IRA:

On July 28, 2005, the Ireland Republican Army Council announced the end of its armed campaign which lasted over 30 years to free Northern Ireland from the United Kingdom's rule. The announcement was made in a statement that said - IRA had completely and unambiguously ended its armed campaign and that it would not engage in any future military activity and would support the democratic process and will use its influence to promote peace and reconciliation.

10. THE TANGSHAN EARTHQUAKE:

One of the most devastating earthquakes recorded in history hit an industrial city of China Tangshan. It happened on July 28, 1976, and is known as the Great Tangshan Earthquake. The earthquake had a magnitude of 7.5 to 7.8 and caused massive destruction. The death toll was immense, with over 240,000 people believed to have lost their lives, and many others were injured. The catastrophe led to significant advances in earthquake research and preparedness worldwide. The memory of this tragic event serves as a reminder of the importance of being ready for natural disasters.

11. WORLD HEADLINES OF 28 JULY 2023:

 A) NIGER COUP:

In 2023, on July 27th, Niger experienced a military coup led by Colonel Assimi Goita and his team, resulting in the arrest of President Mohamed Bazoum and other officials. This event was widely condemned by countries worldwide, including the United Nations, the African Union, and the European Union. Despite the coup plotters' claim that they will hold elections within 18 months, it remains uncertain if they will follow through with this promise. The coup has sparked concerns about Niger's stability as it is a critical ally in the fight against terrorism in the area. The coup did not receive the support of the majority of Nigerians and is expected to further alienate the military from the Nigerian population, complicating the country's stability. This coup in Niger serves as a reminder of how democracy remains fragile in Africa and highlights the importance of holding free and fair elections. The international community should continue to put pressure on the coup plotters to return to constitutional order and hold elections as soon as possible.

B) Singapore has executed a woman for the first time in nearly two decades. Saridewi Djamani, a 45-year-old Singaporean woman, was convicted in 2018 of trafficking more than 30 grams of heroin. She is the first woman to be hanged since 2004.

29 JULY PAST AND PRESENT WPRLD EVENTS:

On July 29th, various significant events happened throughout history. Let's first examine the important events from the past, followed by a brief overview of current noteworthy events. Specifically, we will focus on the major historical occurrences on July 29th during the Modern History era.

1. GLOBAL TIGER DAY:

Every year on July 29th, people around the world celebrate Global Tiger Day to raise awareness about the endangered big cat. The day was established in 2010 by the 13 tiger range countries to create Tx2, a global goal to double the number of wild tigers by 2022. Ajitora is a mascot spreading the Tx2 message of doubling the number of tigers.

2. NATIONAL CHALLENGED CHAMPIONS & HEROES AWARENESS DAY:

National Challenged Champions and Heroes Awareness Day is observed in the United States each year on July 29. It is a day to honor and recognize the disabled and their caregivers and put into action the idea of treating others as you would want to be treated and highlight the abilities of these champions, not their disabilities.

3. PADDLE FOR PERTHES DISEASE AWARENESS DAY:

Every year on the last Saturday of July, Paddle for Perthes Disease Awareness Day is observed and this year, the event will be held on July 29th, 2023. Perthes disease, also known as Legg–Calvé–Perthes disease (L.C.P.D.), is a hip disease that affects children. It happens when the blood flow to the hip bone is interrupted, causing the bones to break easily and not heal properly. To celebrate this special day, a paddling event is organized each year. Paddling is a great way to raise awareness because it doesn't require the use of the legs, so even those affected by the disease can participate. The first and original event Paddle for Perthes Disease Awareness Day was posted via Twitter and Facebook in 2010.

4. INAUGURATION OF ARC DE TRIOMPHE:

The Arc de Triomphe was inaugurated in Paris, France on July 29, 1836. It was commissioned by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1806, after his victory at the Battle of Austerlitz, to celebrate the French armies' military achievements. It is located at the western end of the Champs-Elysees and was designed by Jean-Francois-Therese Chalgrin.

5. SUMMER OLYMPICS AFTER WORLD WAR II:

In 1948, XIV Olympics were held in London after a 12-year pause caused by World War II. The Games showcased the human spirit's resilience and promoted unity and friendship among athletes from different countries. Although post-war challenges remained, sport symbolized hope for a peaceful future. As a celebration of global friendship and unity, the 1948 Olympics will be remembered forever. The last Summer Olympics was held in Berlin in 1936.

6. ESTABLISHMENT OF IAEA:

The IAEA, which was established on July 29, 1957, is an international organization that was created in response to U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower's "Atoms for Peace" initiative in 1953. Its mission is to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy while preventing the spread of nuclear weapons. The IAEA is headquartered in Vienna, Austria, and operates under the auspices of the United Nations.

7. WEDDING OF PRINCE OF WALES:

The marital union of Charles, Prince of Wales, and Lady Diana Spencer was celebrated on July 29, 1981, at St. Paul's Cathedral in London. The event was widely viewed by millions across the globe. Unfortunately, their marriage encountered difficulties and was ultimately dissolved in 1996.

8. US CONGRESS APOLOGY FOR SLAVERY SYSTEM:

On this day 29 July 2008, the United States Congress apologized for slavery. The apology aimed to recognize the suffering of enslaved African Americans throughout history and promote reconciliation.

9. FOUNDATION OF IACS:

The Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS) was founded in India on 29 July 1876. It is a prestigious research institution that contributes to various scientific fields and promotes research and education in the country.

10. NAZI PARTY LEADER:

Adolf Hitler who joined the Nazi Party (Nationalist Socialist German Workers' Party) in 1919 became its leader on July 29, 1921.

11. NASA ACT PASSED BY USA LEGISLATION:

On July 29, 1958, the NASA Act was signed into law by U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower, which led to the creation of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration - a US civilian autonomous space agency responsible for overseeing space exploration and aeronautics research which was formed as a response to the Space Race between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War.

12. VALORA PROCLAMATION:

The Vlora Proclamation, read by Ismail Qemali on July 29, 1912, announced Albania's independence from the Ottoman Empire, kindling a spirit of national pride and unity among the Albanian people.

13. BIRTH ANNIVERSARY-DAGHAMMARSKJOLD:

The Swedish economist and statesman Dag Hammarskjöld was born on this day in 1899. He was the second secretary-general of the United Nations (1953–61) and received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1961.

14. TREATY OF AMITY AND COMMERCE:

Townsend Harris, an American diplomat, secured the Harris Treaty on this date 29 July 1858, granting the United States trade and diplomatic privileges in Japan, ending Japan's isolation, and fostering international interactions.

15. BIRTH ANNIVERSARY OF ALEXIS DE TOCQUEVILLE:

On this day 29 July 1805, Alexis de Tocqueville, a French political scientist, historian, and politician, was born who was most renowned for his influential work "Democracy in America," published in four volumes.

16. CURRENT NEWS OF 29 JULY 2O23: 

Russia has been using a variety of tactics to cut off Ukraine's grain exports, including:

1. Blockading Ukrainian ports. Russia has been blockading Ukrainian ports in the Black Sea and Sea of Azov, preventing ships from carrying grain out of the country. This has caused a global shortage of grain and has raised the risk of food shortages in some countries.

2. Destroying grain infrastructure. Russia has been destroying grain silos, elevators, and other infrastructure in Ukraine. This has made it difficult for farmers to store and transport grain and has further hampered exports.

3. Stealing grain. Russia has been accused of stealing grain from Ukrainian farms. This grain is then being sold on the black market, or being taken to Russia.

These tactics have had a devastating impact on Ukraine's grain exports. In 2021, Ukraine exported 44.7 million tonnes of grain. However, in 2022, exports are expected to be less than half of that amount. This will have a significant impact on the global food supply and could lead to food shortages in some countries.

In addition to the economic impact, Russia's blockade of Ukrainian ports is also having a humanitarian impact. Millions of people in Ukraine rely on grain for food, and the blockade is making it difficult for them to get the food they need.

The United Nations has called on Russia to end its blockade of Ukrainian ports and to allow grain exports to resume. However, Russia has so far refused to do so.

The impact of Russia's blockade of Ukrainian ports is likely to be felt for months, or even years to come. It is a clear example of how Russia is using food as a weapon of war.

WORLD EVENTS ON 13 JULY

Every day brings new hope in our life and change is the name of life. Today, in the annals of world history the important events happened and synopsis of which is formulated here: 

1. International Rock Day:

It is an annual celebration that honors the influential and diverse genre of rock music. This global event brings together music enthusiasts from all walks of life to appreciate the power, energy, and rebellious spirit that rock embodies. It is a time to recognize the profound impact rock music has had on popular culture and its ability to inspire and unite people worldwide. Celebrations include listening to favorite rock tracks, attending concerts, organizing music festivals, and sharing the love for rock on social media platforms. Whether you're a casual listener or a devoted fan, International Rock Day is an opportunity to embrace the genre's timeless legacy and immerse yourself in its raw emotions and electrifying sound. The largest rock n roll concert audience was at the Live Aid concert in 1985. This concert was organized to raise money for the Ethiopian famine relief. The concert was held in London and Philadelphia and featured some of the biggest names in rock music. An estimated 1.5 billion people watched the concert on television.

2. Paavo Nurmi’s world record of 3000 metre :

Paavo Nurmi, a Finnish middle-distance and long-distance runner, set numerous world records during his career. Finnish middle-distance runner Paavo Nurmi made history on July 13th, 1926, by running the 3000m in a remarkable time of 8 minutes and 20.4 seconds. This outstanding achievement established a new world record, showcasing Nurmi's exceptional talent and endurance. 

3. First Chinese Awarded by Nobel Prize died on this day 2017:

Liu Xiaobo, the courageous Chinese intellectual and outspoken government critic, is renowned for his unwavering commitment to democracy and human rights. As a former literature professor at Beijing Normal University, he fearlessly tackled Chinese society and culture through his writings. Liu's courageous stance led to multiple imprisonments, including his involvement in the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and his criticism of China's policies towards Taiwan and the Dalai Lama. In 2009, he received an 11-year prison sentence for his participation in Charter '08, a manifesto advocating political reforms in China. His unyielding dedication earned Liu the Nobel Peace Prize in 2010. Sadly, he passed away on July 13, 2017, due to complications from liver cancer. Liu Xiaobo's legacy as an emblem of resilience and the fight for human rights continues to resonate globally.

3. Longest semi-final match in Wimbledon history:

South African tennis player Kevin Anderson and American John Isner competed in the longest semi-final match in Wimbledon history on July 13th, 2018. The grueling encounter lasted 6 hours and 36 minutes. This match was won by Anderson.

4. Establishment of Scottish Church College:

Raja Ram Mohan Roy and Alexander Duff, a Christian missionary, established the Scottish Church College in Calcutta (now Kolkata), India, on July 13th, 1830. The college played a significant role in promoting modern education and religious reform in colonial India.

5. Assassination of Jean-Paul Marat:

Jean-Paul Marat, a prominent figure in the French Revolution and a leader of the radical Montagnard faction, was assassinated on July 13th, 1793. Marat was stabbed to death by Charlotte Corday, a young supporter of the Girondin faction. Corday was subsequently guillotined for her actions.

6. Births On This Day, July 13

a) 1979 Craig Bellamy - Welsh footballer.

b) 1950 Ma Ying-jeou - Taiwanese politician

c) 1942 Harrison Ford - American actor
d) 1940 Patrick Stewart - English actor
e) 1821 Nathan Bedford Forrest - American Confederate Army General

7. Deaths On This Day, July 13

a) 2010 George Steinbrenner - American businessman

b) 1976 Joachim Peiper - German SS officer

c) 1954 Frida Kahlo - Mexican painter

d) 1946 Alfred Stieglitz - American photographer

e) 1024 Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor

WHAT ARE THE WORLD EVENTS OF 18 JULY

There are several noteworthy events that happened on July 18 in the annals of history, and that's why it's an important day in world history.

1. Nelson Mandela Day: Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela

Mandela Day is an annual global celebration that takes place on 18 July to honor the life and legacy of Nelson Mandela. This day is a call to action for individuals, communities, and organizations to take time to reflect on Mandela's values and principles and to make a positive impact in their own communities.

This day honors the incredible life of Nelson Mandela, a renowned leader and advocate for equality. He was a South African anti-apartheid activist and politician who served as the first president of South Africa from 1994 to 1999. He was born in was born into the Madiba clan in the village of Mvezo, in the Eastern Cape, on 18 July 1918, in South Africa. This day serves as a reminder of Mandela's values of forgiveness, unity, and social justice. This day inspires us to reflect on the importance of equality and the power of unity to bring about positive change and make our society more inclusive.

This day was officially declared by the United Nations in 2009 in recognition of Nelson Mandela's contribution to peace and freedom. For Nelson Mandela International Day 2023, it is the vision of the Nelson Mandela Foundation for the world to unite and act decisively against the consequences of climate change and food insecurity.

2. Establishment Of Bombay University:

It was established on this day in 1857. which is the aftermath of  'Wood's Education Dispatch' drafted by Charles Wood in 1854. Madras and Calcutta Universities were established in the same year.

3. The Indian Independence Act-1947:

The Indian Independence Act, of 1947 received the Royal assent and entered into force on 18th July 1947. This Act put into action the Mountbatten Plan for the independence and partition of India. Pakistan became independent on 14th August and India on 15th August 1947. Muhammad Ali Jinnah was appointed Pakistan’s Governor-General and Lord Mountbatten became India’s Governal-General. 

4. Rohini Satellite-1 :

It was a  spin-stabilized satellite designed with a power handling capability of 16W. It was successfully launched onboard SLV-3 from SHAR Sriharikota Range  Centre on July 18, 1980, into an orbit of 305 x 919 km with an inclination of 44.7°. All the fourth-stage parameters of SLV-3 were successfully telemetered to the ground stations by RS-1 during the launch phase. The satellite had an orbital life of 9 months. The satellite carried a Digital sun sensor, Magnetometer, and temperature sensors. The structure was made of Aluminium Alloy.

5. Intel Company Born: 

Intel First Facility

On this day in 1968, Intel was established when Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore. They were already leaders in the Silicon Valley Technology Industry for their work on integrated circuits and decided to form a new company that would let them pursue innovation on their own terms. The company's first year would be shaped largely by startup considerations — raising capital, finding facilities and even just determining a new name for the company — but even in these early operations, one can see the roots of the global tech giant Intel would eventually become as the world's largest semiconductor chip manufacturer.

6. Mein Kampf: Autobiography-Adolf Hitler:

Adolf Hilter was born in Austria on April 20, 1889. As a young man, he wanted to become an artist, but was rejected twice by the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna. While in Vienna, he worked as a struggling painter copying scenes from postcards and selling his paintings to merchants and tourists. He served in the Bavarian Army during World War-I and received two Iron Crosses for his service. He was discharged from the army in March 1920. Hitler was arrested when he took out a mass demonstration in favour of national unity for the formation of a socialist German state. He was tried by the People’s Court in Munich and subsequently, imprisoned for thirteen months in Landsberg prison for the crime of treason. While there, he dictated the first volume of his autobiographical book Mein Kampf (My Struggle) to his deputy Rudolf Hess and the book was published on 18 July 1925. The second volume was written after he was released. This book will give you an insight into one of the greatest tyrants of this century, his political ideals, beliefs, and motivation, and his struggle to consolidate Germany into one great nation. 

7. Birthday On This day:

a) July 18,1980, Kristen Bell, American actress.

b) July 18,1950, Jack Layton, Canadian politician.

c) On July 18, 1950, Richard Branson, an English businessman founded Virgin Group.

e) July 18, 1921, John Glenn, an American astronaut, and politician.

f) July 18, 1918, Nelson Mandela, South African politician, President of South Africa, Nobel Prize laureate.

8. Deaths On This Day:

a) July 18,1988 Nico, German singer-songwriter, model, and actress.

b) July 18,1918 Princess Elisabeth of Hesse and by Rhine.

c) July 18,1872 Benito Juarez, Mexican lawyer, politician, 25th President      of Mexico.

d) July 18, 1817, Jane Austen, English author.

e) July 18, 1792, John Paul Jones, American navy commander.

WORLD EVENTS ON 30 JUNE

"Everyday is a new day" as said by my Asistant General Manager while I was working in the Banking Sector. I still remember those hardship days and his advice is still correct when I have satrted writing on blogg on the free paltform of the Blogger.

1. 30th of June is celebrated as the International Asteriod Day:

The day officially launched in 2014 with the support of more than 200 astronauts. It took two more years before it was officially recognized by the United Nations in 2016. International Asteroid Day was founded by Stephen Hawking and a collection of other people, including an Apollo 9 astronaut, a filmmaker, and Brian May – who was the guitarist for Queen and also an astrophysicist. June 30 was chosen for the day as it is the anniversary of the 1908 incident in Siberia.

• 65 Million Years Ago: The Chicxulub Event happens. Perhaps the reason that dinosaurs no longer roam the earth, this asteroid was roughly 10-80 km in size and hits earth in what is modern day Mexico.

• 1908: Tunguska Event in Siberia. An asteroid lands in remote parts of Russia and has an impact of eight hundred square miles.

• 1989: Galileo spacecraft is launched. The first spacecraft to orbit an outer planet, Galileo is also the first to observe an asteroid from a short distance.

• 2013:Small asteroid hits in Russia. The first asteroid event on earth in the 21st century, this one is only 20 meters in diameter and it explodes while still approximately 30 km in the air, though it did still cause a fair share of damage.

2. On this day of 30th June we celebrate Social Media Day:

Social Media Day was launched by the popular website Mashable back in 2010, and often sees fans of the site going to real-life meetups

The Social media seems to be everywhere now a  days. Though the days of social media pioneer Myspace are now long gone, we’re constantly hearing about trending topics on Twitter, laughing at social media fails and many people are obsessive about keeping up with their Facebook news feed. Even if Facebook and Twitter aren’t for you, there’s still blogging, Vine, Snapchat, and even LinkedIn, among many others. Even businesses have recognized the value of social media for connecting with customers and selling their product, as well as quickly updating users about problems affecting their service.

Social media has become a major factor in the world. For many of us, it is how we keep up with what our friends are up to, even if they’re on the other side of the planet. It has also played a big part in world events. Twitter was used to organise protests and report on events during the Arab Spring, for example. On a more shallow note, Twitter is a great way to keep up with what your favorite celebrities are up to – as long as they don’t just use it to Instagram pictures of their lunch!

If we’re honest, most of us use social media for less than upright purposes ourselves. We use it to show off our holidays and what adventures we have planned for the weekend. Almost everyone presents an idealised version of themselves on social media, whether by detagging unflattering photos or implying their life is more exciting and glamorous than it really is. Never compare yourself negatively to your friends on social media as you’re only seeing what they want you to see! There are lots of reasons to love Social Media Day. 

There are lots of reasons to love Social Media Day. One of our favorite things about social media is that it is ripe for discovery. It gives everyone the ability to have a voice. They can document their daily activities, share their opinions, and showcase their talents. Up-and-coming entertainers have often found stardom through social media. Just look at Justin Bieber; he was touted via YouTube. Social media opens up a world of possibilities for people, and that is something very exciting! It is also a great place for people to find out news and information. A lot of people will turn to Twitter for the latest updates, rather than heading to news websites, as used to be the case.

Social Media Day has been taking place since the 30th of June in 2010. It was was the brainchild of Mashable as a way of recognizing the impact that social media has had on communications around the world, as well as bringing people together to celebrate. Social media is used by most people on a daily basis. It enables us to communicate with our friends and family in a quick and convenient way. There are a lot of people who also use social media as a business, such as social media influencers. They make money by sharing content with their followers. It is crazy to think about the role that social media plays in society today.

On the strenght of this, Mashable decided that it would be a good idea to create a day to honor social media. For those who are unaware, Mashable is a worldwide entertainment and multi-platform media business. They are known for using social media as part of their operations. They are also known for their awards – the Mashable Awards – which recognize the best online services and communities. The company was established in 2005 by Pete Cashmore and it is headquartered in New York.

Important and significant events that had occurred on 29 june thorughtout the world in the annals of the history:

1. Signing of the Treaty of Versailles (1919) :

The treaty that officially ended World War I on June 30, 1919, set several conditions for Germany, including territorial integration, disarmament, and reparations. This largely shaped European geopolitics and set the stage for future global conflicts.

2. Discovery of the neutrino (1930)

The discovery of the neutrino on June 30, 1930 presented an important opportunity in physics. The discovery of the neutrino by the Italian physicist Wolfgang Pauli, who proposed the existence of these rare subatomic particles to explain the apparent calculation of energy conservation in certain forms of radioactive decay, changed our understanding of nature of microbiology and allowed us to conduct further research in this field .

3. Congo Independence (1960) :

On June 30, 1960, the Republic of Congo gained independence from Belgian colonial rule. The program marked a milestone in the decolonization movement and highlighted the aspirations of African states for self-government. The years that followed, however, were marred by political instability and conflict that shaped the country’s history in the post-independence era.

4. Establishment of the European Central Bank (1998) :

On 30 June 1998, the European Central Bank (ECB) was established as the central monetary institution of the euro area. The main goal of the ECB is to maintain inflation and support economic growth in its member countries. The establishment of the ECB represented a major step towards European unification and the introduction of the euro as a common currency.

5. Launch of the Human Genome Project (2000) :

This day marked the official launch of the Human Genome Project, an international research initiative aimed at deciphering the complete sequence of the human genome. This groundbreaking endeavor provided invaluable insights into the genetic blueprint of our species, fueling advancements in medicine, genetics, and biotechnology. The Human Genome Project revolutionized our understanding of human biology and opened up new possibilities for personalized medicine.

6. The Death of Michael Jackson (2009):

It was a tragic moment when on 30 June 2009 which marked the untimely death of pop icon Michael Jackson. Known as the "King of Pop," Jackson's musical contributions and artistic influence resonated across the globe. His passing left a profound impact on the music industry and sparked an outpouring of tributes from fans worldwide. Jackson's legacy as a performer, songwriter, and philanthropist endures to this day.

7. On this day we celebrate the birth anniversary of the following famous persons:

• Lena Horne (1917-2010): Born on June 30, 1917, Lena Horne was an iconic American singer, actress, and civil rights activist. Known for her enchanting voice and captivating performances, Horne broke barriers in the entertainment industry and became a symbol of African-American excellence. Her powerful renditions of jazz and blues music earned her accolades and paved the way for future generations of artists.
  

• Michael Phelps (Born 1985): Born on June 30, 1985, Michael Phelps is widely regarded as one of the greatest swimmers in history. With an astonishing record of 23 Olympic gold medals, Phelps dominated the sport and set numerous world records throughout his career. His unparalleled dedication, skill, and mental toughness made him an inspiration to aspiring athletes worldwide.
  

• Mike Tyson (Born 1966): On June 30, 1966, Mike Tyson, the legendary professional boxer, was born. Known for his ferocious fighting style and immense power, Tyson became the undisputed heavyweight champion of the world at the age of 20, setting a record as the youngest boxer to achieve such a feat. Beyond his boxing prowess, Tyson's life journey has been a testament to resilience and personal growth.

• Angela Sarafyan (Born 1983): Angela Sarafyan, born on June 30, 1983, is an Armenian-American actress who has gained recognition for her versatile performances in both film and television. She has appeared in notable productions such as "Westworld" and "The Promise," showcasing her talent and captivating audiences with her compelling portrayals.

• Haim Saban (Born 1944): Born on June 30, 1944, Haim Saban is an influential media mogul, entrepreneur, and philanthropist. As the founder of Saban Entertainment, he has played a pivotal role in the development and distribution of popular animated television series, including the beloved "Mighty Morphin Power Rangers." Saban's entrepreneurial acumen and philanthropic endeavors have made a significant impact on the entertainment industry and beyond.

8. The world's first emergency telephone number, 999, introduced in 1937:

The world's first emergency telephone number, 999, was introduced in 1937. The emergency number, 999, is the official emergency number for the United Kingdom. First introduced in the London area on 30 June 1937, the UK's 999 number is the world's oldest emergency call telephone service.

9. Mahatma Gandhi was arrested for the first time in 1914:

Mahatma Gandhi, the father of the nation, was arrested for the first time in 1914 while agitating for the rights of Indians in South Africa.

10. The first leap second is added to UTC in 1972:

The first leap second was inserted into the UTC time scale on June 30, 1972. Leap seconds are used to keep the difference between UT1 and UTC to within ±0.9 s.

11. The day Superman first appeared on the pages of comic books in 1938:

Created by writer Joe Siegel and artist Joe Shuster, the character first appeared in the comic book 'Action Comics #1' dated June 30, 1938. The issue dedicated 13 pages to the origin story of Superman. Superman is featured on the cover of Action Comics 1. The iconic artwork shows him lifting a car with an explosion in the background. 

12. "Parliaments For The Planet"-2023:

The International Day of Parliamentarism is celebrated every year on 30 June, the date in 1889 on which the IPU was founded. The Day was established in 2018 through a United Nations General Assembly Resolution. 

Instituting an international day for parliaments is particularly important at this critical time for parliamentary democracy, when people are losing trust in political institutions and democracy itself is facing challenges from populist and nationalist movements. If democracy is to thrive, then parliaments, as the cornerstone of functioning democracies, need to be strong, transparent, accountable and representative.

The International Day of Parliamentarism is a time to review the progress that parliaments have made in achieving some key goals to be more representative and move with the times, including carrying out self-assessments, working to include more women and young MPs, and adapting to new technologies.