INDIAN EVENTS ON 27 JUNE

The important events on June 27 with reference to our country India.

1. Birth Anniversary :On this day in Indian history is celebrated as the birth anniversary of the following personalities:

• Bankim Chandra Chatterjee (27 June 1838 – 8 April 1894), an Indian novelist, poet, journalist, and composer of Vande Mataram, originally in Sanskrit, personifying India as a mother goddess and inspiring activists during the Indian Independence Movement. He was an expert in both poetry and fiction. In the year 1865, his first published work was the Bengali work ‘Durgeshanandini’. Then his next works were Kapalkundala in 1866, Mrinalini in 1869, Vishvriksha in 1873, Chandrashekhar in 1877, Rajni in 1877, Raj Singh in 1881, and Devi Chaudhurani in 1884. He also published the monthly magazine ‘Vangdarshan’ in 1872. He is known as Sahitya Samrat (Emperor of Literature) in Bengali. He was born on 27 June 1838 in Naihati, Bengal Presidency, British India (present-day West Bengal, India).

• Rahul Dev Burman (27 June 1939 – 4 January 1994), an Indian music director and one of the greatest music composers of the Indian film industry. He was also called as Pancham or ‘Panchamada‘. He was the only child of famous musician Sachin Dev Burman and his wife Meera. Due to his unparalleled musical talent, he is considered one of the best musicians in the world. It is believed that many musicians imitate his style even today. Panchamada also lent voice to 18 films he composed. He also acted in Bhoot Bangla (1965) and Pyaar Ka Mausam (1969). He was born on 27 June 1939 in Comilla, Bengal Province, British India (present-day Cumilla, Bangladesh).

• P.T. Usha (Pilavullakandi Thekkeraparambil Usha) is a sportsperson from the Indian state of Kerala. In 1976, the state government of Kerala opened a sports school for women, and Usha was elected as the representative of her district. Considered the queen of Indian track and field, PT Usha has been in Indian sports since 1979. He is one of the best players India has ever produced. No Indian female athlete could have achieved the success and fame that PT Usha has achieved in the nineties. She is currently considered the best female athlete in Asia. P. T. Usha is also known as the flying fairy. P.T. Usha was born on 27 June 1964 in Village, Kozhikode District, Kerala.P.T. Usha, a legendary former Indian Sprinter is set to become the first Woman President of the Indian Olympic Association (IOA). With this achievement, she will be the first Olympian and the first international medallist to head the association in its 95-year-old history.The 400-metre hurdles race at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles was Usha’s greatest performance and her deepest heartbreak. She lost out on the bronze medal by 1/100th of a second. She was awarded with Padma Shri in 1985 and Arjuna Award in 1984.

2. Death Anniversary: June 27 in Indian history is observed as the death anniversary of the following personalities:

• Maharaja Ranjit Singh (13 November 1780 – 27 June 1839), the most famous king of the Sikh Empire. He is popularly known as “Sher-e Punjab”. Maharaja Ranjit Singh was such a person who not only kept Punjab united as a strong province, but also did not allow the British to come near his empire while he was alive. On April 12, 1801, Ranjit Singh assumed the title of Maharaja. His coronation was done by a descendant of Guru Nanak. He made Lahore his capital and moved to Amritsar in 1802. Maharaja Ranjit Singh was not educated, but he gave great encouragement to education and art in his state. He established law and order in Punjab and never gave death sentences to anyone. He died on 27 June 1839 in Lahore.

• Sam Manekshaw (3 April 1914 – 27 June 2008), the Chief of the Indian Army under whose leadership India won the 1971 Indo-Pakistani War resulting in the birth of Bangladesh. In his 40 years of military life, he participated in all three wars with China and Pakistan apart from the Second World War. His friends affectionately called him ‘Sam Bahadur’. He got awarded with Padma Vibhushan and Padma Bhushan for his bravery. Manekshaw died on 27 June 2008 at the age of 94 in Wellington, Tamil Nadu, India.

3. The 42nd Amendment (1976)

During the emergency, on June 27, 1976, the 42nd Amendment to the Indian Constitution was enacted. This amendment brought significant changes to the constitutional framework, including the insertion of the terms "Socialist" and "Secular" in the preamble. It also altered certain fundamental rights, reshaping the legal landscape of the nation. The 42nd amendment act is also known as the “Mini-Constitution” because of the enormous number of amendments it has made to the Indian Constitution. It attempted to alter the basic structure of the Indian Constitution. It also changed the description of India from a "sovereign democratic republic" to a "sovereign, socialist secular democratic republic", and also changed the words "unity of the nation" to "unity and integrity of the nation".

4. Nehru Memorial Museum (1964)

On 27 June 1964,  Teen Murti Bhavan, official residence of the Prime Minister of India, became the Nehru Memorial Museum. The Teen Murti Bhavan (Teen Murti House; formerly known as Flagstaff House) is a building and former residence in New Delhi. It was built by the British Raj and became the residence of the first Prime Minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru, who stayed there for 16 years until his death on 27 May 1964.and currently serves as a museum dedicated to his life and legacy.

The significance of Teen Murti Bhavan lies in its association with Jawaharlal Nehru, a key figure in Indian history who played a pivotal role in India's struggle for independence and the formation of the modern Indian state. The museum at Teen Murti Bhavan offers visitors an insight into Nehru's life and ideas and provides a glimpse into the history and politics of India during the 20th century.

Teen Murti Bhavan is also important as it serves as a research and study centre for scholars, researchers and students of Indian history, politics and governance. The library and archives at the Bhavan contain a wealth of information and resources on Nehru, the Indian National Congress and the Indian independence movement, making it an important resource for researchers and students.

5. Chipko Movment: 27 June 1995

Environmentalist and 'Chipko' leader, Shri Sunderlal Bahuguna ends the 49-day old fast in demand for a scientific review of the controversial Tehri dam project in Uttarakhand.