22 JULY WHAT EVENTS HAD OCCURED ON THIS DATE

There are many notable events that happened on July 22 throughout history, and that's why it's an important day in world history.

1678- Shivaji won the Vellore fort

The year 1676-77 CE saw a 14-month-long siege at the Vellore fort. Shivaji’s commander, Sardar Sabnis Narhari Rudra marched strategically and built two small forts called “Sajra” and “Gojra” at a distance of about two km from the Vellore fort. Situated at a higher elevation, they overlooked the Vellore fort and allowed them to keep a watchful eye. In the bombardment which followed, it is said that about 400 of the 500 people who were guarding the fort were killed before Abdullah Khan, the then-general defending the fort, surrendered it to the Marathas on the 21st of August, 1678.

1702 - Merging of East India Company

The East India Company took off in the name of " The Governor and Company of Merchants of London Trading into the East Indies". Queen Elizabeth I (1558-1603) granted a royal charter to this company on 31 December 1600, to trade exclusively with the East. Its first Governor was Thomas Smith. The group forming the company was known as the Merchant Adventurers because its members were expert extortionists and as a matter of policy, gentlemen were not inducted into its service. In the last decade of the 17th century, the opponents of the East India Company formed a New Company. In keeping with the prevailing policy of bribing and corruption the new Company gave a loan of 20,00,000 pounds to the English Government. Thus, a clash between the two trading companies was inevitable, though a compromise was finally reached to merge the two companies to make a United Company by in 1702. This company Company was renamed as the "United Company of Merchants of England Trading in the East Indies". However, in common parlances, it came to be known as the East India Company.

1981-Functioning of India's First GeoSatationary Satellite APPLE

The Ariane Passenger Payload Experiment (APPLE) was ISRO's first indigenous, experimental communication satellite. It was launched into GTO (Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit) by the third development flight of the ESA'a Ariane vehicle from Kourou on June 19, 1981. It was designed and built in just two years with limited infrastructure in industrial sheds. On July 22nd, 1981, India’s first geostationary satellite APPLE started functioning.

1894- First Motor Race:

The first motor car race in history, which took place on July 22, 1894, over the 126-kilometer route from Paris to Rouen, was not just about speed. Rather the aim was for vehicles to demonstrate their excellent road-going credentials as part of the competition organized by the French daily newspaper “Le Petit Journal”: the vehicle to win would be the one that most effectively fulfilled the criteria, “to be easy to operate for the competitors without any danger and not too expensive to run”.

1972 - Soft Landing  Of Venera-8 on Venus

Venera 8 was the Soviet Union's first fully successful mission to Venus. Landing on July 22, 1972, the probe operated a full 50 minutes, sending back data about the amount of light reaching the surface, as well as confirming the temperature and pressure data recorded by Venera 7.

1991 - Brioni Declaration Signed

The agreement was signed by Slovenia, Croatia, and Yugoslavia on the Brioni islands in Croatia. The agreement marked the end of hostilities that began with the Slovenian War of Independence. Also known as the Ten Day War, the conflict began after Slovenia declared independence from Yugoslavia.

In 1862- President Abraham Lincoln presented a preliminary draft of the Emancipation Proclamation to his Cabinet.

In 1943, American forces led by Gen. George S. Patton captured Palermo, Sicily, during World War II.

In 1967, American author, historian, and poet Carl Sandburg died at his North Carolina home at age 89.

In 1975, the House of Representatives joined the Senate in voting to restore the American citizenship of Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee.

In 2011, Anders Breivik a self-described “militant nationalist,” massacred 69 people at a Norwegian island youth retreat after detonating a bomb in nearby Oslo that killed eight others in the nation’s worst violence since World War II.

23 JULY WHAT HAPPENED ON THIS DAY IN WORLD HISTORY

"History is the novel for the people is the author."

In the annals of history, there are several notable events that happened on 23 JULY, and some important ones are described below:

1. NATIONAL BROADCASTING DAY:

Today is National Broadcasting Day. On this day in 1927, the first-ever radio broadcast in the country went on the air from the Bombay Station under a private company, the Indian Broadcasting Company. On the 8th of June, 1936, the Indian State Broadcasting Service became All India Radio.

Since 1927, Radio has been an important part of people's life in India. All India Radio has been serving to inform, educate and entertain the masses truly living up to its motto - 'Bahujan Hitaya, Bahujan Sukhaya'.National Broadcasting Day, is an occasion to celebrate the journey of All India Radio and reflect on the influence it has on social integration as well as social change.

2. NATIONAL PARENT'S DAY:

In America, National Parents Day is annually observed on the fourth Sunday in July and in 2023 it falls on 22 July. This day is celebrated to honour all the parents who play a vital role in the lives of children. Their unconditional love and sacrifice for their children can't be measured.

3. FIRST AMERICAN TO TRAVEL IN SPACE:

USA astronaut, Sally Ride who was the first American woman to travel in space in 2012, died at the age of 61. She was 32 years old when she became the eldest American astronaut to visit space. Ride left NASA in 1987 after participating in two missions with the Space Shuttle Challenger.

4. BIRTH ANNIVERSARY OF BAL GANGADHAR TILAK:

Today is the 166th birth anniversary of Bal Gangadhar Tilak was born on July 23, 1856, in Ratnagiri in Maharashtra. He was a strong advocate of Swaraj or self-rule and played a pioneering role in building a mass political consciousness towards the Indian independence movement. His call for self-rule with the slogan "Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it" inspired millions during the freedom struggle.

Great nationalist, social reformer, and mass leader Keshav Gangadhar Tilak, popularly known as Bal Gangadhar Tilak and was conferred the title of Lokmanya, meaning "accepted by the people as a leader."

He was a mathematician, philosopher, and scholar. Tilak was well-read in Hindu scriptures, and also he was influenced by Western thoughts of metaphysics and politics. He had read Voltaire, Rousseau, Hegel and Kant. He graduated from Deccan College, Pune, in 1877, with a first class in Mathematics. He also obtained a law degree.

5. BIRTH ANNIVERSARY OF CHANDRA SHEKHAR:

Chandra Shekhar Tiwari, popularly known as Chandra Shekhar Azad, was an Indian revolutionary. He was born on 23 July 1906 in Bhabha village, Madhya Pradesh.

A revolutionary who reorganized the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) and participated in the Kakori train robbery and assassination of British police officer John Saunders.

WORLD EVENTS ON 25 JUNE

 The world historical events that occurred on 25 June:

1. In 1678, Elena Cornaro Piscopia became the first woman to receive a Ph.D. from the University of Padua in Italy. This was a significant achievement for women in academia.

2. The Battle of Little Bighorn happened in 1876 in Montana, USA. Native American tribes like the Lakota, Cheyenne, and Arapaho won against the U.S. Army's 7th Cavalry Regiment, led by General George Custer.

3. The Korean War started in 1950 when North Korean forces invaded South Korea. This war had a lasting impact and resulted in a division between North and South Korea.

4. Mozambique gained independence from Portugal on June 25, 1975. It marked the end of Portuguese colonial rule and the establishment of the People's Republic of Mozambique.

5. In 1978, Argentina won the FIFA World Cup, defeating the Netherlands. It was their first-ever World Cup victory and brought joy to the people of Argentina.

25 JULY PRESENT AND PAST WORLD EVENTS

What happened on 25 July in the annals of History. Many notable world events occurred on this date concerning the present and past. We first take a look at our past chronological important events and at the end, we will describe the current world eye-catching events in brief.

1. WORLD DROWNING PREVENTION DAY:

Every year on July 25th, the World Drowning Prevention Day is observed. This event was declared in April 2021 by a UN General Assembly resolution. It aims to raise awareness about the devastating impact of drowning on families and communities worldwide. The day also provides an excellent opportunity to promote life-saving strategies and prevent this tragedy from happening.

2. FIRST FEMALE PRESIDENT :

Pratibha Patil, a lawyer, and politician was sworn in as the first female president of India on this day in 2007 for a term of five years.

3. FIRST WOMAN WHO WALKS IN SPACE:

On this day in 1984, Svetlana Savitskaya becomes the First Woman to Walk in Space, She was a Soviet cosmonaut and a part of the Soyuz T-12 mission, which docked at the Salyut 7 Space station. She was also the second woman to go into space and the first to go to space twice.

4. FIRST TEST TUBE BABY WAS BORN:

On this day in 1978, World's first test tube baby is born. Louise Joy Brown was the first person to be conceived using in-vitro fertilization or IVF technology, pioneered by doctors Patrick Steptoe and Robert Edwards in England.

5. RED PLANET PHOTO:

On this day in 1976, the renowned photograph of the Face on Mars was captured. Viking 1, the first space probe to successfully land on Mars took the famous photo of the Cydonia region on the Red Planet.

6. TUNISIA FREEDOM:

Today marks a significant milestone in Tunisian history as the country gained independence from France in 1956. Tunisia had been under the French protectorate since 1881, as per the Treaty of Bardo. However, the road to independence was not without its challenges. Civil unrest and conflict plagued the country during this time, but the leadership of Habib Bourguiba ultimately led to Tunisia becoming an independent nation with him as its first president.

7. ASSASSINATION OF PHOOLAN DEVI:

Phoolan Devi was born in the village of Gorha Ka Purwa in Jalaun district, Uttar Pradesh, India on 10 August 1963. She was an Indian bandit who went from being a notorious outlaw to a Member of Parliament. She was a Dalit woman who was gang-raped at the age of 11 by upper-caste men, and later joined a bandit gang and became its leader. She was imprisoned for 11 years, but was released in 1994 and later elected to Parliament. On this day, 25 July 2001, she was assassinated in New Delhi at the age of 37.

8. DEATH ANNIVERSARY OF SAMUEL TAYLOR:

Samuel Taylor Coleridge was a poet, literary critic, philosopher, and theologian who was born in Ottery St. Mary, Devonshire, England in 1772. He met William Wordsworth in 1795 and they collaborated on Lyrical Ballads, a key work of the Romantic Movement. He struggled with addiction to opium for much of his life and died on this day of 25 July in 1834.

9. WYOMING TERRITORY:

Wyoming is a state in the United States of America. On this date, 25 July 1868, President Andrew Johnson signed the Wyoming Organic Act creating the Wyoming Territory using lands from the Dakota, Idaho, and Utah territories. The first territorial capital was Cheyenne. It was the first territory in the United States to grant women's suffrage i.e. the political rights of the women to cast their vote.

10. WHO WORKSHOP ON BIODIVERSITY, TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE:

World Health Organization (WHO) with Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) hosting the first global workshop on biodiversity, traditional knowledge, health, and well-being from July 25-28, 2023 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The workshop will bring together stakeholders from around the world to discuss the role of biodiversity and traditional knowledge in promoting health and well-being. The workshop will focus on four key areas - the contribution of biodiversity and traditional knowledge to health and well-being, challenges to the sustainable use of biodiversity and traditional knowledge, opportunities for strengthening the role of biodiversity and traditional knowledge in health and well-being, the role of policy in promoting the use of traditional knowledge for health.

24 JULY WHAT WORLD EVENTS HAPPENED

There are several notable events that happened on July 24 throughout history, and that's why it's an important day in Indian and world history.

1. INDIAN'S INCOME TAX DAY:

It was on 24 July 1860 that Income Tax Day was introduced in India by Sir James Wilson in order to compensate for the losses incurred by the British regime during the Revolt of 1857. This year marks the 162nd anniversary of the occasion, also called Aaykar Diwas. The Income Tax Department organizes several activities to spread awareness about the importance of taxation to provide services to the citizens, for payment of government obligations, and to undertake developmental works for the betterment of the country.

2. NATIONAL THERMAL ENGINEER DAY:

The day was established in 2014 by Advanced Thermal Solutions Inc (ATS), a US-based private company working in the area of thermal energy regulation and electronic packaging solutions. July 24 was chosen as National Thermal Engineer Day as it is one of the hottest days of the year in the northern hemisphere.

Thermal energy, also known as internal energy, is all around us. It is the energy contained inside a system and is responsible for its temperature. Heat is the flow of thermal energy and those who work in the field of internal heat and its transfer are known as Thermal Engineers. The day recognizes the hard work and dedication of those involved in thermal engineering. The discovery of thermal energy is commonly attributed to English physicist, mathematician, and brewer James Prescott Joule. He made the discovery in 1847 while experimenting with fluids which ultimately led to the development of a separate branch of physics to study thermal energy known as Thermodynamics.

3. INTERNATIONAL SELF-CARE DAY:

International Self-Care Day is a worldwide event annually observed on the 24th of July, signifying the need and practicing self-care 24 hours a day, seven days a week. The International Self-Care Foundation (ISF), a UK-based organization, created International Self-Care Day in the year 2011. This day marks the final day of International Self-Care Month (the 24th of June-the 24th of July), which provides a significant opportunity to spread the word about the advantages of effective self-health -management globally. This year 2023, the International Self-Care Day 2023 theme is “Resilience, adaptability, and thriving in adversity”, a call to action on a worldwide scale to develop resilience, which can assist one in managing stress, coping with negative emotions, and maintaining physical and mental health.

The following Course of Action one should adopt for Self Care:

1. Walking for 30 minutes a day or daily exercise

2. Having 3 to 4 liters of water in a day

3. Consuming a balanced and healthy diet rich in fiber

4. Having 6 to 8 hours of sleep in a day

5. Decreasing screen time

6. Relaxing activities such as meditation and yoga regularly

7. Developing a positive attitude

8. Scheduling regular screening tests

9. Maintaining body hygiene

10. Having a long walk in the garden

11. Volunteering for charity work

12. Listening to music

13. Reading motivational stories

14. Solving brain puzzles

15. Learning something new daily.

4. SECOND GLOBAL SEARCH OF SPICE LAND:

On this day in 1525 Second attempt to circumnavigate the globe as seven ships depart Corunna headed by García Jofre de Loaísa on orders of King Charles I of Spain for the Spice Islands.

5. CONSTANTINOPLE GREAT FIRE:

On this day in 1660 Great Fire of 1660 in Constantinople; two-thirds of the city is destroyed.

6. HENRI CORNET:

On this day in 1904, Henri Cornet won the second Tour De France race.

7. BJORKO TREATY:

On this day in 1905, Tsar Nicholas II (Russia) and Emperor Wilhelm II (Germany) sign the Bjorko Treaty, whereby each country agrees to come to the other's defense if attacked by European powers.

8. NO TAX ON LIGHT AND AIR:

On this day in 1851, the long hated Window Tax was abolished in the United Kindom of Great Britain. The Window Tax was introduced in England in 1696 during the reign of King William III as a property tax based on the number of windows in a building. The more windows a property had, the higher the tax it attracted. The tax was primarily levied on the wealthy, as larger and grander houses tended to have more windows. The rationale behind this tax was to generate revenue for the government while also discouraging the excessive use of glass, which was considered a luxury at that time.

9. MATA HARI'S TRIAL:

Mata Hari, the legendary exotic dancer, and accused spy. Mata Hari, whose real name was Margaretha Geertruida Zelle, was born in the Netherlands in 1876. Her life took a dramatic turn when she became a dancer and adopted the stage name "Mata Hari," which means "eye of the day" in Malay. On this day in 1917, she was arrested by the French authorities under suspicion of being a double agent for Germany. It was alleged that she used her connections with high-ranking military officers and diplomats to gather information for the enemy.

9. DISCOVERY OF MACHU PICCHU:

Machu Picchu is an Incan citadel set high in the Andes Mountains in Peru (Lima), above the Urubamba River valley, in the middle of a tropical mountain forest, in an extraordinarily beautiful setting. It was probably the most amazing urban creation of the Inca Civilization. Built in the fifteenth century Machu Picchu was abandoned when the Inca Empire was conquered by the Spaniards in the sixteenth century. The archaeological complex was made known to the outside world by an American archeologist Hiram Bingham on this day in 1911. In 1983, UNESCO designated Machu Picchu a World Heritage Site.

WORD EVENTS ON 20 JULY

 

20 July What Events Happened On This Day In History

There are many noteworthy events that happened on July 20 throughout history, due to which this is an important day in history. I have compiled a list of the important incidents that went down around the world on July 20.

World Chess Day - July 20

July 20 has been observed as International Chess Day by chess players around the world since 1966 by International Chess Federation (FIDE). On 12 December 2019, the UN Gemoonneral Assembly proclaimed 20 July as World Chess Day to mark the date of the establishment of FIDE in Paris in 1924. This day recognizes the important role of the FIDE in supporting international cooperation for chess activity and aiming to improve friendly harmony among all peoples of the world, but also to provide an important platform to foster, dialogue, solidarity, and a culture of peace.

Moon Day - July 20

The UN General Assembly declared 20 July as International Moon Day in 2021 by a resolution on “International cooperation in the peaceful uses of outer space".

It marks the anniversary of the first landing by humans on the Moon as part of the Apollo 11 lunar mission and also considers the achievements of all the countries in the exploration of the Moon and raises public awareness of sustainable Moon exploration and utilization. On July 20, 1969, astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin became the first individuals to step foot on the lunar surface as part of NASA's Apollo 11 mission.

1905 - First Partition of Bengal is approved

The British Raj conducted the first Partition of Bengal in 1905, which was a territorial reform of the Bengal Presidency. The rearrangement divided the predominantly Muslim eastern regions from the predominantly Hindu western regions. It was announced by Lord Curzon, Viceroy of India, on July 20, 1905, and enacted on October 16, 1905, but it was reverted back just six years later.

1715 - The Riot Act goes into effect in England

The Riot Act was passed in 1715 in response to the increasing number of mobs seen in Britain. Catholic Jacobites rioted in opposition to the new Hanoverian King George I so Parliament hastily pushed through a draconian law preventing groups of 12 or more from assembling “unlawfully and riotously.”

1948 - First president of South Korea

Syngman Rhee was elected as the 1st President of South Korea on July 20, 1948. Rhee was also the first and last president of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea from 1919 to his impeachment in 1925 and from 1947 to 1948.

1976 - Viking I lands on Mars

Part of the Viking program, Viking I became the first  Robot American spacecraft to successfully land on Mars and to complete its mission.

1st Woman to Preside Over the House

1921 Congresswoman Alice Mary Robertson becomes the first woman to preside over the floor of the US House of Representatives.

1994 - First president of Belarus

Alexander Lukashenko became the first president of Belarus. Prior to his political career, Lukashenko worked as director of a state farm and served in the Soviet Border Troops and in the Soviet Army.

2005 - Same-sex marriage in Canada

Canada became the fourth country in the world to legalize same-sex marriage after Bill C-38 received its Royal Assent.

Famous People's Birthday on July 20

1919 - Edmund Hillary Birth Anniversary

Edmund Hillary An Explorer and Mountaineer, and 1st to scale Mt Everest with Tenzing Norgay was born in Auckland, New Zealand.

1929 - Rajendra Kumar Birth Anniversary

Rajendra Kumar, also known as Jubilee Kumar, was a renowned Indian film actor who achieved great popularity and success in the Hindi film industry, commonly known as Bollywood. Rajendra Kumar was born on July 20, 1929, in Sialkot, which is now a part of Pakistan.

1950 - Naseeruddin Shah's Birthday

Naseeruddin Shah is a legendary Indian actor and director known for his diverse and versatile performances in both mainstream and parallel cinema. Naseeruddin Shah was born on July 20, 1950, in Barabanki, Uttar Pradesh, India.

1988 - Arunima Sinha's Birthday

Arunima Sinha, also known as Dr. Arunima Sinha, is a notable Indian mountaineer and the first female amputee to climb Mount Everest. She was born on July 20, 1988, in Ambedkar Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Famous People's Death Anniversary on July 20

1965 - Batukeshwar Dutta Death Anniversary

Batukeshwar Dutta was an Indian socialist revolutionary and freedom fighter in the early 1900s. Best known for having exploded two bombs, along with Bhagat Singh, in the Central Legislative Assembly in New Delhi on 8 April 1929.

1973 - Bruce Lee's Death Anniversary

Bruce Lee died on July 20, 1973, from swelling of the brain, attributed to an adverse reaction to painkillers. Fans from Hong Kong and around the world gathered at the feet of a Bruce Lee bronze statue with Hong Kong's Victoria Harbour behind them, a stream of fans snapped pictures, bowed and laid down flowers to pay tribute to the late kung fu legend on the 50th anniversary of his untimely death.

WHAT WORLD EVENTS HAPPENED ON 19 JULY

Many notable events happened on July 19 throughout history, and that's why it's an important day in world history.

1. INTERNATIONAL RETAINER DAY:

International Retainer Day is celebrated on July 19th, created in 2021 by Vivera Retainers to recognize the importance of wearing a retainer after orthodontic treatment. This day recognizes the importance of retainers, which help users maintain a straight and beautiful face  with an attractive smile for years following orthodontic treatment

2. THE WORLD'S FIRST GREAT OCEAN LINER:

On this day in 1843 Isambard Kingdom Brunel’s SS Great Britain is one of the most important historic ships in the world was launched, she was called ‘the greatest experiment since the creation’. It was the first iron-hulled, propeller-driven steamship.

3. SENECA FALLS CONVENTION:

On July 19, 1848, Seneca Falls Convention which was held in Seneca Falls, New York, marked a significant moment in the women's rights movement and showcased American women demanding their rights.

Organized by prominent activists including Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott, the first two-day women's rights convention in the United States. Approximately 300 people, both women and men, attended the event. The participants gathered to discuss and address the social, civil, and religious rights of women.

4. NETHERLAND RED CROSS SOCIETY:

The Red Cross society in the Netherlands was established on 19 July 1867 when King Willem III signed a royal decree in Apeldoorn near the Loo Palace, a former country residence of the Dutch royal family. 

5. METEORITE:

On 19 July 1912, A meteorite of estimated 190kg mass explodes over Holbrook in Navajo County, Arizona, USA causing approximately 16,000 pieces of debris to rain down on the town.

6. UNIVERSE BASIS:

On 19 July 1595, Astronomer Johannes Kepler has an epiphany and develops his theory of the geometrical basis of the universe while teaching in Graz.

7. DISCOVERY  OF ROSETTA STONE:

The Rosetta Stone was discovered on July 19, 1799, during Napoleon Bonaparte's Egyptian campaign in the town of Rosetta (modern-day Rashid) in Egypt. It is a large, black basalt slab with inscriptions in three different scripts: Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics, Demotic script, and Ancient Greek. 

8. FIRST TOUR DE FRANCE:

On this day, 1903, the first Tour De France took place and the cyclist Maurice Garin became the first person to win.

9. AMERICAN'S HOMOSEXUAL RIGHTS:

On this day, 1993 American President Bill Clinton passed a “don’t ask, don’t tell, don’t pursue” policy that would allow homosexuals to serve in the military as long as they do not announce their orientation. He calls it “an honorable compromise.”

10. BIRTH ANNIVERSARY OF LEGENDARIES:

a) Mangal Pandey, considered as the first Freedom Fighter of India, born on July 19, 1827, was a British Indian soldier in the East India Company's army who played a determining role in the events that led to the Revolt of 1857, also known as the Sepoy Mutiny.

b) Roger Binny, born on July 19, 1955, in Bangalore, Karnataka, India. He represented the Indian national cricket team from 1979 to 1987 and was an all-rounder, known for his medium-fast bowling and handy lower-order batting.

c) Harsha Bhogle, born on July 19, 1961, in Hyderabad, India, is a cricket commentator and journalist known for his insightful analysis and captivating commentary. 

d) George McGovern, born on 19, 1922, American politician, historian, and author.

e) Harold Camping, born on 19, 1921, American broadcaster, and author.

f)  Edgar Degas, born on 19, 1834, French painter

g) Samuel Colt, born on 19, 1814, American inventor, and industrialist, who founded the Colt's Manufacturing Company

h) Rosalyn Sussman Yalow, born on 19, 1921, in New York City, USA was indeed an extraordinary American medical physicist and Nobel Prize Laureate in Physiology or Medicine for her pioneering work in the development of radioimmunoassay (RIA) techniques.

 11. DEATH ANNIVERSARY OF LEGENDARIES:

a) Hans Ram Singh Rawat, born on 8 November 1900, was an Indian religious leader. He died on 19 July 1966 in Delhi, India.

b) Pratap Singh Rao Gaekwad, born on 29 June 1908, belongs to the Gaekwad dynasty of the Marathas and was the last ruling Maharaja of Baroda who founded the Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda in 1949. He died on 19 July 1968.

c) Omar Suleiman, Egyptian Vice President & politician died on 19 July 2012.

d) 2002 Alan Lomax,  American historian, author, & scholar died on 19 July 2002,

e) Hans Morgenthau, a German philosopher died on 19 July 1980.

f) Mary Boleyn, English sister of Anne Boleyn died on 19 July 1543.

g) Petrarch, an Italian scholar, the poet died on 19 July 1374.

WHAT ARE THE WORLD EVENTS OF 17 JULY

Welcome to today's World Events Update for July 17th! This is quiet exciting and a deep learning process of writing a blog on world events more sepcifically I hereby describe the events of the Modern World History in a lucid style. 

1. World International Justice Day:

The International Criminal Court (ICC) observes the Day of International Criminal Justice on 17 July each year. This significant date commemorates the adoption of the Rome Statute on 17 July 1998, which established the ICC. The court’s primary mission is to safeguard individuals from atrocities like genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression. On this day, people worldwide come together to stand for justice, advocate for the rights of victims, and collaborate in preventing crimes that jeopardize global peace, security, and prosperity.

The purpose of this day is to remind us all of the shared commitment to upholding the principles of international justice. It aims to ensure accountability for war crimes, genocide, crimes against humanity, and other grave violations of international law. 

Central to the concept of international justice is the International Criminal Court (ICC), which was established in 2002. The ICC serves as a permanent institution responsible for investigating and prosecuting individuals who have committed the most severe international crimes. Through its work, the ICC aims to promote justice, prevent future atrocities, and give a voice to the victims. This day is also known as International Criminal Justice Day.

2. World Emoji Day 2023: 

 World Emoji Day is celebrated annually on July 17th. It is a global observance dedicated to the fun and significance of emojis, those small digital icons used in messaging and social media. The day was established to recognize the impact emojis have had on communication, breaking language barriers and adding emotional context to text-based conversations. 

Jeremy Burge, the creator of Emojipedia, an emoji reference website that has detailed the definition and usage of all the emojis, introduced World Emoji Day in 2014. And observing the day on July 17 celebrated the calendar emotion. 

3. Birth Anniversary Disney Land: The Happiest PLace on The Earth.

Today, we celebrate a very special day: the anniversary of Disneyland's birth. It all began on July 17, 1955, when this incredible theme park opened its doors, forever changing the world of family fun. Walt Disney's amazing vision became a reality, capturing the hearts of millions. Disneyland, located in Anaheim, California, holds a special place in the hearts of millions as the first-ever theme park created by Walt Disney. Opening its doors on July 17, 1955, the park consists of Disneyland Park and Disney California Adventure Park. The iconic Sleeping Beauty Castle stands tall as the centerpiece of Disneyland Park, which offers over 60 attractions, including beloved rides like Pirates of the Caribbean, Space Mountain, and the Haunted Mansion. Divided into themed lands such as Adventureland, Tomorrowland, Fantasyland, Frontierland, and Main Street, U.S.A., Disneyland ensures there's something for everyone. Beyond the rides, visitors can enjoy live entertainment such as parades, fireworks shows, and character meet-and-greets. The park also hosts seasonal events like Halloween Time, Christmas celebrations, and the delightful Dapper Day. Disneyland's influence extends worldwide, inspiring the creation of other Disney theme parks in Florida, Paris, Tokyo, Hong Kong, and Shanghai. Over the years, Disneyland has enchanted countless guests and remains a cherished symbol of childhood magic, drawing visitors from across the globe.

4. Operation Sunbeam:

Operation Sunbeam was a series of nuclear tests conducted by the United States in the 1960s. It aimed to study how nuclear weapons would affect military equipment, structures, and materials. The tests happened in Nevada and the Pacific. The goal was to see how vulnerable military assets like planes, ships, and personnel were to nuclear explosions. They used different types of nuclear devices with varying strengths. The data collected helped develop strategies and technologies to protect military forces in case of a nuclear conflict. Operation Sunbeam was an important part of understanding the potential impact of nuclear warfare.

5. Harvard Observatory:

The first-ever photograph of a star named Vega, taken by the Harvard Observatory, represents a significant milestone in the field of astronomy. This remarkable accomplishment occurred on this day in 1850, by the collaboration between Harvard astronomers and the pioneer of astrophotography, John William Draper. The photograph captured the star Vega, one of the brightest stars visible in the night sky. This milestone in scientific observation marked a significant advancement in the study of astronomy and laid the foundation for future advancements in astronomical photography and the understanding of celestial bodies.

6. Potsdam Conference:

The Potsdam Conference was a significant diplomatic meeting that took place in Potsdam, Germany, from July 17 to August 2, 1945. It involved the leaders of the Allied powers who convened to discuss important post-World War II matters. Attendees included President Harry S. Truman of the United States, Prime Minister Winston Churchill (later succeeded by Clement Attlee) of the United Kingdom, and Premier Joseph Stalin of the Soviet Union. The primary purpose of the conference was to negotiate and determine the terms for achieving peace and rebuilding war-torn Europe. Discussions covered a wide range of topics, including the administration of Germany, the borders of Poland, the punishment of war criminals, and issues related to reparations and financial aid. The agreements reached during the Potsdam Conference had far-reaching consequences, such as the division of Germany into occupation zones, the establishment of the United Nations, and the emergence of the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the Western powers.

7. Birth Anniversary:

1. Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall (born 1947) - She is a prominent member of the British royal family and the wife of Prince Charles.

2. Angela Merkel (born 1954) - Merkel is widely recognized as the former Chancellor of Germany, known for her leadership and influence on the global stage.

3. Donald Sutherland (born 1935) - A highly regarded Canadian actor, Sutherland has starred in numerous acclaimed films such as "MAS*H" and "Ordinary People."

4. Billie Lourd (born 1992) - Lourd is an American actress known for her roles in the "Star Wars" sequel trilogy and the TV series "Scream Queens."

5.Phoebe Cates (born 1963) - Cates gained fame for her performances in popular movies like "Fast Times at Ridgemont High" and "Gremlins."

8. Death Anniversary:

1. In 2009 Walter Cronkite, American journalist.

2. In 1967 John Coltrane, American saxophonist, composer.

3. In 1959 Billie Holiday, American singer-songwriter, actress.

4. In 1912 Henri Poincaré, French mathematician, physicist, engineer.

5. In 1790 Adam Smith, Scottish philosopher, economist.