22 JULY WHAT EVENTS HAD OCCURED ON THIS DATE

There are many notable events that happened on July 22 throughout history, and that's why it's an important day in world history.

1678- Shivaji won the Vellore fort

The year 1676-77 CE saw a 14-month-long siege at the Vellore fort. Shivaji’s commander, Sardar Sabnis Narhari Rudra marched strategically and built two small forts called “Sajra” and “Gojra” at a distance of about two km from the Vellore fort. Situated at a higher elevation, they overlooked the Vellore fort and allowed them to keep a watchful eye. In the bombardment which followed, it is said that about 400 of the 500 people who were guarding the fort were killed before Abdullah Khan, the then-general defending the fort, surrendered it to the Marathas on the 21st of August, 1678.

1702 - Merging of East India Company

The East India Company took off in the name of " The Governor and Company of Merchants of London Trading into the East Indies". Queen Elizabeth I (1558-1603) granted a royal charter to this company on 31 December 1600, to trade exclusively with the East. Its first Governor was Thomas Smith. The group forming the company was known as the Merchant Adventurers because its members were expert extortionists and as a matter of policy, gentlemen were not inducted into its service. In the last decade of the 17th century, the opponents of the East India Company formed a New Company. In keeping with the prevailing policy of bribing and corruption the new Company gave a loan of 20,00,000 pounds to the English Government. Thus, a clash between the two trading companies was inevitable, though a compromise was finally reached to merge the two companies to make a United Company by in 1702. This company Company was renamed as the "United Company of Merchants of England Trading in the East Indies". However, in common parlances, it came to be known as the East India Company.

1981-Functioning of India's First GeoSatationary Satellite APPLE

The Ariane Passenger Payload Experiment (APPLE) was ISRO's first indigenous, experimental communication satellite. It was launched into GTO (Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit) by the third development flight of the ESA'a Ariane vehicle from Kourou on June 19, 1981. It was designed and built in just two years with limited infrastructure in industrial sheds. On July 22nd, 1981, India’s first geostationary satellite APPLE started functioning.

1894- First Motor Race:

The first motor car race in history, which took place on July 22, 1894, over the 126-kilometer route from Paris to Rouen, was not just about speed. Rather the aim was for vehicles to demonstrate their excellent road-going credentials as part of the competition organized by the French daily newspaper “Le Petit Journal”: the vehicle to win would be the one that most effectively fulfilled the criteria, “to be easy to operate for the competitors without any danger and not too expensive to run”.

1972 - Soft Landing  Of Venera-8 on Venus

Venera 8 was the Soviet Union's first fully successful mission to Venus. Landing on July 22, 1972, the probe operated a full 50 minutes, sending back data about the amount of light reaching the surface, as well as confirming the temperature and pressure data recorded by Venera 7.

1991 - Brioni Declaration Signed

The agreement was signed by Slovenia, Croatia, and Yugoslavia on the Brioni islands in Croatia. The agreement marked the end of hostilities that began with the Slovenian War of Independence. Also known as the Ten Day War, the conflict began after Slovenia declared independence from Yugoslavia.

In 1862- President Abraham Lincoln presented a preliminary draft of the Emancipation Proclamation to his Cabinet.

In 1943, American forces led by Gen. George S. Patton captured Palermo, Sicily, during World War II.

In 1967, American author, historian, and poet Carl Sandburg died at his North Carolina home at age 89.

In 1975, the House of Representatives joined the Senate in voting to restore the American citizenship of Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee.

In 2011, Anders Breivik a self-described “militant nationalist,” massacred 69 people at a Norwegian island youth retreat after detonating a bomb in nearby Oslo that killed eight others in the nation’s worst violence since World War II.